, Québec Province, Canada (Quebec)
1702 - Queen Anne's War between France and Great Britain began

In 1702, Queen Anne’s War broke out, marking the North American theater of the larger War of the Spanish Succession between France and Great Britain. This conflict represented one of the earliest large-scale wars fought on the continent, involving not only European powers but also Indigenous nations allied with either side, and had major implications for control over colonial territories, trade routes, and settlements.

In New France, the war prompted military mobilization and fortification, as French authorities sought to defend key settlements along the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes from British attacks and raids by their colonial militias. Indigenous allies, particularly the Abenaki, Huron, and other Algonquian-speaking nations, played critical roles in conducting raids against English colonies, disrupting supply lines, and asserting French influence in contested regions.

Queen Anne’s War highlighted the interconnected nature of European and colonial conflicts, where struggles for dynastic power in Europe had direct consequences for settlers, Indigenous nations, and the balance of power in North America. The war caused destruction, displacement, and economic disruption, but it also solidified alliances and established patterns of warfare, diplomacy, and territorial competition that would shape French-British relations in the colonies for decades.

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